Mathematical Psychology

This project investigates mathematical psychology's historical and philosophical foundations to clarify its distinguishing characteristics and relationships to adjacent fields. Through gathering primary sources, histories, and interviews with researchers, author Prof. Colin Allen - University of Pittsburgh [1, 2, 3] and his students Osman Attah, Brendan Fleig-Goldstein, Mara McGuire, and Dzintra Ullis have identified three central questions:

What makes the use of mathematics in mathematical psychology reasonably effective, in contrast to other sciences like physics-inspired mathematical biology or symbolic cognitive science?
How does the mathematical approach in mathematical psychology differ from other branches of psychology, like psychophysics and psychometrics?
What is the appropriate relationship of mathematical psychology to cognitive science, given diverging perspectives on aligning with this field?

Preliminary findings emphasize data-driven modeling, skepticism of cognitive science alignments, and early reliance on computation. They will further probe the interplay with cognitive neuroscience and contrast rational-analysis approaches. By elucidating the motivating perspectives and objectives of different eras in mathematical psychology's development, they aim to understand its past and inform constructive dialogue on its philosophical foundations and future directions. This project intends to provide a conceptual roadmap for the field through integrated history and philosophy of science.

The Project: Integrating History and Philosophy of Mathematical Psychology

This project aims to integrate historical and philosophical perspectives to elucidate the foundations of mathematical psychology. As Norwood Hanson stated, history without philosophy is blind, while philosophy without history is empty. The goal is to find a middle ground between the contextual focus of history and the conceptual focus of philosophy.

The team acknowledges that all historical accounts are imperfect, but some can provide valuable insights. The history of mathematical psychology is difficult to tell without centering on the influential Stanford group. Tracing academic lineages and key events includes part of the picture, but more context is needed to fully understand the field's development.

The project draws on diverse sources, including research interviews, retrospective articles, formal histories, and online materials. More interviews and research will further flesh out the historical and philosophical foundations. While incomplete, the current analysis aims to identify important themes, contrasts, and questions that shaped mathematical psychology's evolution. Ultimately, the goal is an integrated historical and conceptual roadmap to inform contemporary perspectives on the field's identity and future directions.

The Rise of Mathematical Psychology

The history of efforts to mathematize psychology traces back to the quantitative imperative stemming from the Galilean scientific revolution. This imprinted the notion that proper science requires mathematics, leading to "physics envy" in other disciplines like psychology.

Many early psychologists argued psychology needed to become mathematical to be scientific. However, mathematizing psychology faced complications absent in the physical sciences. Objects in psychology were not readily present as quantifiable, provoking heated debates on whether psychometric and psychophysical measurements were meaningful.

Nonetheless, the desire to develop mathematical psychology persisted. Different approaches grappled with determining the appropriate role of mathematics in relation to psychological experiments and data. For example, Herbart favored starting with mathematics to ensure accuracy, while Fechner insisted experiments must come first to ground mathematics.

Tensions remain between data-driven versus theory-driven mathematization of psychology. Contemporary perspectives range from psychometric and psychophysical stances that foreground data to measurement-theoretical and computational approaches that emphasize formal models.

Elucidating how psychologists negotiated to apply mathematical methods to an apparently resistant subject matter helps reveal the evolving role and place of mathematics in psychology. This historical interplay shaped the emergence of mathematical psychology as a field.

The Distinctive Mathematical Approach of Mathematical Psychology

What sets mathematical psychology apart from other branches of psychology in its use of mathematics?

Several key aspects stand out:

Advocating quantitative methods broadly. Mathematical psychology emerged partly to push psychology to embrace quantitative modeling and mathematics beyond basic statistics.
Drawing from diverse mathematical tools. With greater training in mathematics, mathematical psychologists utilize more advanced and varied mathematical techniques like topology and differential geometry.
Linking models and experiments. Mathematical psychologists emphasize tightly connecting experimental design and statistical analysis, with experiments created to test specific models.
Favoring theoretical models. Mathematical psychology incorporates "pure" mathematical results and prefers analytic, hand-fitted models over data-driven computer models.
Seeking general, cumulative theory. Unlike just describing data, mathematical psychology aspires to abstract, general theory supported across experiments, cumulative progress in models, and mathematical insight into psychological mechanisms.

So while not unique to mathematical psychology, these key elements help characterize how its use of mathematics diverges from adjacent fields like psychophysics and psychometrics. Mathematical psychology carved out an identity embracing quantitative methods but also theoretical depth and broad generalization.

Situating Mathematical Psychology Relative to Cognitive Science

What is the appropriate perspective on mathematical psychology's relationship to cognitive psychology and cognitive science? While connected historically and conceptually, essential distinctions exist.

Mathematical psychology draws from diverse disciplines that are also influential in cognitive science, like computer science, psychology, linguistics, and neuroscience. However, mathematical psychology appears more skeptical of alignments with cognitive science.

For example, cognitive science prominently adopted the computer as a model of the human mind, while mathematical psychology focused more narrowly on computers as modeling tools.

Additionally, mathematical psychology seems to take a more critical stance towards purely simulation-based modeling in cognitive science, instead emphasizing iterative modeling tightly linked to experimentation.

Overall, mathematical psychology exhibits significant overlap with cognitive science but strongly asserts its distinct mathematical orientation and modeling perspectives. Elucidating this complex relationship remains an ongoing project, but preliminary analysis suggests mathematical psychology intentionally diverged from cognitive science in its formative development.

This establishes mathematical psychology's separate identity while retaining connections to adjacent disciplines at the intersection of mathematics, psychology, and computation.

Looking Ahead: Open Questions and Future Research

This historical and conceptual analysis of mathematical psychology's foundations has illuminated key themes, contrasts, and questions that shaped the field's development. Further research can build on these preliminary findings.

Additional work is needed to flesh out the fuller intellectual, social, and political context driving the evolution of mathematical psychology. Examining the influences and reactions of key figures will provide a richer picture.

Ongoing investigation can probe whether the identified tensions and contrasts represent historical artifacts or still animate contemporary debates. Do mathematical psychologists today grapple with similar questions on the role of mathematics and modeling?

Further analysis should also elucidate the nature of the purported bidirectional relationship between modeling and experimentation in mathematical psychology. As well, clarifying the diversity of perspectives on goals like generality, abstraction, and cumulative theory-building would be valuable.

Finally, this research aims to spur discussion on philosophical issues such as realism, pluralism, and progress in mathematical psychology models. Is the accuracy and truth value of models an important consideration or mainly beside the point? And where is the field headed - towards greater verisimilitude or an indefinite balancing of complexity and abstraction?

By spurring reflection on this conceptual foundation, this historical and integrative analysis hopes to provide a roadmap to inform constructive dialogue on mathematical psychology's identity and future trajectory.

The SDTEST^®

The SDTEST^® is a simple and fun tool to uncover our unique motivational values that use mathematical psychology of varying complexity.

The SDTEST^® helps us better understand ourselves and others on this lifelong path of self-discovery.

Here are reports of polls which SDTEST^® makes:

1) Tumindak perusahaan sing ana gandhengane karo personel ing wulan kepungkur (ya / ora)

2) Tumindak perusahaan sing ana hubungane karo personel ing wulan kepungkur (kasunyatan ing%)

3) Wedi

4) Masalah paling gedhe sing madhep negaraku

5) Apa kuwalitas lan kabisan nindakake pimpinan sing apik nalika mbangun tim sukses?

6) Google. Faktor sing duwe pengaruh efak

7) Prioritas utama sing golek

8) Apa sing dadi pimpinan sing apik?

9) Apa sing ndadekake wong sukses ing kerja?

10) Apa sampeyan siap nampa mbayar sing kurang kanggo nyambut gawe?

11) Apa eganisme ana?

12) Ageisme ing karir

13) Ageism Ing Urip

14) Nimbulaké agama

15) Alasan Napa Wong Nyerah (dening Anna Vital)

16) Kapercayan (#WVS)

17) Survey rasa seneng Oxford

18) Kesejahteraan psikologis

19) Ing endi sampeyan bakal dadi kesempatan paling apik sampeyan?

20) Apa sing bakal ditindakake minggu iki kanggo njaga kesehatan mental sampeyan?

21) Aku urip mikir babagan kepungkur, saiki utawa masa depan

22) Meritokrasi

23) Intelijen buatan lan pungkasan peradaban

24) Napa wong sing nompo?

25) Bedane Gender ing Bangunan Kapercayan Dhiri (IFD ALLENSBACH)

26) Xing.com Taksiran Budaya

27) Patrick Lencioni "The Lima Dysfunctions tim"

28) Empathy iku ...

29) Apa sing penting kanggo milih penawaran proyek?

30) Napa wong nolak ganti (dening siobhán Mchale)

31) Kepiye carane ngatur emosi? (dening Nawal Mustafa M.A.)

32) 21 katrampilan sing mbayar sampeyan ing salawas-lawase (dening Yeremia Too / 赵汉昇)

33) Kabebasan nyata yaiku ...

34) 12 cara kanggo mbangun kapercayan karo wong liya (dening Justin Wright)

35) Karakteristik karyawan sing duwe bakat (dening Institut Manajemen Talent)

36) 10 tombol kanggo motivasi tim sampeyan

Below you can read an abridged version of the results of our VUCA poll “Fears“. The full version of the results is available for free in the FAQ section after login or registration.

Wedi

Gambar Korélasi

VUCA

Nilai kritis koefisien gathukane

Distribusi normal, dening William Sefery Gosset (siswa) r = 0.0353

Distribusi Non Non, dening Spearman r = 0.0014

Tampilake asil mung > r = 0.0353

Distribusi	Ora normal	Normal	Ora normal	Normal	Normal	Normal	Normal	Normal
Kabeh pitakon Kabeh pitakon Wedi paling gedhe yaiku
Wedi paling gedhe yaiku
Answer 1	-	Positif ringkih 0.0297	Positif ringkih 0.0298	Negatif lemah -0.0106	Positif ringkih 0.0970	Positif ringkih 0.0325	Negatif lemah -0.0019	Negatif lemah -0.1558
Answer 2	-	Positif ringkih 0.0188	Positif ringkih 0.0076	Negatif lemah -0.0360	Positif ringkih 0.0711	Positif ringkih 0.0387	Positif ringkih 0.0082	Negatif lemah -0.1011
Answer 3	-	Positif ringkih 0.0026	Negatif lemah -0.0170	Negatif lemah -0.0443	Negatif lemah -0.0458	Positif ringkih 0.0547	Positif ringkih 0.0808	Negatif lemah -0.0270
Answer 4	-	Positif ringkih 0.0332	Positif ringkih 0.0285	Negatif lemah -0.0006	Positif ringkih 0.0155	Positif ringkih 0.0276	Positif ringkih 0.0105	Negatif lemah -0.0917
Answer 5	-	Positif ringkih 0.0122	Positif ringkih 0.1193	Positif ringkih 0.0095	Positif ringkih 0.0721	Positif ringkih 0.0057	Negatif lemah -0.0083	Negatif lemah -0.1687
Answer 6	-	Positif ringkih 0.0044	Positif ringkih 0.0005	Negatif lemah -0.0582	Negatif lemah -0.0004	Positif ringkih 0.0210	Positif ringkih 0.0830	Negatif lemah -0.0418
Answer 7	-	Positif ringkih 0.0242	Positif ringkih 0.0368	Negatif lemah -0.0521	Negatif lemah -0.0234	Positif ringkih 0.0403	Positif ringkih 0.0568	Negatif lemah -0.0597
Answer 8	-	Positif ringkih 0.0707	Positif ringkih 0.0781	Negatif lemah -0.0244	Positif ringkih 0.0140	Positif ringkih 0.0303	Positif ringkih 0.0137	Negatif lemah -0.1334
Answer 9	-	Positif ringkih 0.0564	Positif ringkih 0.1531	Positif ringkih 0.0127	Positif ringkih 0.0769	Negatif lemah -0.0136	Negatif lemah -0.0495	Negatif lemah -0.1752
Answer 10	-	Positif ringkih 0.0711	Positif ringkih 0.0700	Negatif lemah -0.0127	Positif ringkih 0.0246	Positif ringkih 0.0363	Negatif lemah -0.0156	Negatif lemah -0.1273
Answer 11	-	Positif ringkih 0.0542	Positif ringkih 0.0488	Positif ringkih 0.0086	Positif ringkih 0.0078	Positif ringkih 0.0162	Positif ringkih 0.0315	Negatif lemah -0.1248
Answer 12	-	Positif ringkih 0.0281	Positif ringkih 0.0929	Negatif lemah -0.0325	Positif ringkih 0.0361	Positif ringkih 0.0276	Positif ringkih 0.0365	Negatif lemah -0.1482
Answer 13	-	Positif ringkih 0.0643	Positif ringkih 0.0916	Negatif lemah -0.0418	Positif ringkih 0.0237	Positif ringkih 0.0425	Positif ringkih 0.0239	Negatif lemah -0.1558
Answer 14	-	Positif ringkih 0.0697	Positif ringkih 0.1017	Positif ringkih 0.0149	Negatif lemah -0.0062	Negatif lemah -0.0087	Negatif lemah -0.0002	Negatif lemah -0.1161
Answer 15	-	Positif ringkih 0.0603	Positif ringkih 0.1299	Negatif lemah -0.0379	Positif ringkih 0.0163	Negatif lemah -0.0091	Positif ringkih 0.0164	Negatif lemah -0.1204
Answer 16	-	Positif ringkih 0.0691	Positif ringkih 0.0221	Negatif lemah -0.0305	Negatif lemah -0.0515	Positif ringkih 0.0750	Positif ringkih 0.0187	Negatif lemah -0.0696

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[1] https://twitter.com/wileyprof

[2] https://colinallen.dnsalias.org

[3] https://philpeople.org/profiles/colin-allen

2023.10.13

Valerii Kosenko

Pemilik Produk Saas Pet Project SDTES®

Valerii layak minangka psikologi pedagoga sosial ing taun 1993 lan wiwit ngetrapake pengetahuan ing Manajemen Proyek.
Valerii entuk gelar master lan kualifikasi proyek lan manajer program ing taun 2013. Sajrone program Master dheweke, dheweke wis kenal karo Proyek Roadmap (GPM DeutscheFTFFT Für Projektmanagement E. V.) lan Dinamika Spiral.
Valerii njupuk macem-macem tes Dinamika spiral lan nggunakake kawruh lan pengalaman kanggo adaptasi versi SDTTTTTt.
Valerii minangka penulis kanggo njelajah kahanan sing durung mesthi ing V.U.C.A. Konsep nggunakake Dinamika Spiral lan statistik matematika ing Psikologi, luwih saka 20 jajak pendapat internasional.

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